Reports from the DSM-V Work Group on sexual and gender identity disorders.

Since the first edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual: Mental Disorders was published in 1952 by the American Psychiatric Association (APA), the manual has gone through a series of revisions: DSM-II in 1968, DSM-III in 1980, DSM-IIIR in 1987, DSM-IV in 1994, and a text revision to the DSM-IV in 2000. For those with a sharp eye, one will note that, subsequent to DSM-I, the manual has had a slightly different name: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. Any clinician, researcher, or policy maker with an interest in psychiatric nosology is keenly aware that the publication of the DSM-III in 1980 was a watershed moment in contemporary psychiatry. By that time, the intellectual and institutional hegemony of psychoanalysis that had dominated the psychiatric landscape had lost some, if not most, of its grip (see Grob, 1991; Paris, 2005; Wilson, 1993). Sketchy psychoanalytic models of at least some psychiatric disorders that were described in the DSM-I and DSM-II were abandoned. The rather vague diagnostic descriptors were replaced by more detailed criteria and, for the majority of conditions described in the DSM-III, an atheoretical approach predominated. As noted in the Introduction to the DSM-III: